Authorities Cited: United States Code 17 U.S.C. § 501(b) 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1) 28 U.S.C. § 1331 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a)(1) 28 U.S.C. § 1367(a) Supreme Court 228 U.S. 22, 25 345 U.S. 629, 633 415 U.S. 452, 459 440 U.S. 625, 631 455 U.S. 478, 481 490 U.S. 826, 837 519 U.S. 61, 73 523 U.S. 1, 7 523 U.S. 83, 94 529 U.S. 277, 287 531 U.S. 457, 468 535 U.S. 826, 831 541 U.S. 567, 570-583 Circuit Courts 265 F.2d 804, 808 514 F.2d 362, 367-368 578 F.2d 21, 23 598 F.2d 698, 699-701 738 F.2d 179, 185 759 F.2d 504, 507-512 795 F.2d 1351, 1354 834 F.2d 208, 215-216 895 F.2d 1, 17 947 F.2d 506, 514 46 F.3d 115, 117 70 F.3d 46, 49 101 F.3d 1492, 1503-1504 112 F.3d 569, 572-573 119 F.3d 1358, 1365 199 F.3d 26, 34 219 F.3d 25, 27-28 252 F.3d 530, 533 265 F.3d 1329, 1332 305 F.3d 1, 14 312 F.3d 168, 174 344 F.3d 134, 145 347 F.3d 11, 16 362 F.3d 136, 139 374 F.3d 23, 32-33 382 F.3d 62, 67-68 391 F.3d 48, 54 415 F.3d 994, 999 435 F.3d 51 436 F.3d 44, 48 438 F.3d 92, 100 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a) Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c) Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(d) Fed. R. Civ. P. 42(a) Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b) 46 F. Supp. 2d 143, 154 103 F. Supp. 2d 574, 578-579 482 F. Supp. 2d 3, 32 510 F. Supp. 2d 299, 307-316

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